Psychological approaches Essay

Today, few psychologists identify their outlook according to a peculiar(a) school of thought. While you may still find some pure behaviorists or psychoanalysts, the majority of psychologists instead categorize their work according to their specialty region and linear perspective.Every topic in psychological science can be looked at in a number of different ways. For example, lets consider the caseful of aggression. Someone who emphasizes a biologic perspective would look at the how the brain and nervous system impact aggressive behavior. A professional who stresses a behavioral perspective would look at how environ noetic variables reinforce aggressive actions. Another psychologist who utilizes a cross-cultural approach might consider how cultural and social influences cave in to aggressive or violent behaviors.The following are just a few of the major perspectives in modern psychology.The Psychodynamic PerspectiveThe psychodynamic perspective originated with the work of Sigmu nd Freud. This opinion of psychology and human behavior emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind, early childhood experiences, and interpersonal relationships to explain human behaviour and to treat people suffering from mental illnesses.The Behavioral PerspectiveBehavioral psychology is a perspective that concentratees on learned behaviors. Behaviorism differed from many other perspectives because instead of emphasizing internal states, it focussed solely on observable behaviors.While this school of thought dominated psychology early in the twentieth century, it began to lose its hold during the 1950s. Today, the behavioral perspective is still concerned with how behaviors are learned and reinforced. Behavioral principles are frequently applied in mental health settings, where therapists and counselors use these techniques to explain and treat a variety of illnesses.The Cognitive PerspectiveDuring the 1960s, a new perspective known as cognitive psychology began to take hold. This area of psychology focuses on mental processes such(prenominal)(prenominal) as memory, thinking, problem solving, language and decision-making. Influenced by psychologists such as Jean Piaget and Albert Bandura, this perspective has grown tremendously in recent decades.Cognitive psychologists often utilize an information-processing model, comparing the human mind to a computer, to conceptualize how information is acquired, processed, stored, and utilized.The Biological PerspectiveThe take on of physiology played a major role in the development of psychology as a separate science. Today, this perspective is known as biological psychology. Sometimes referred to as biopsychology or physiological psychology, this point of scenery emphasizes the physical and biological bases of behavior.Researchers who take a biological perspective on psychology might look at how genetics influence different behaviors or how damage to specific areas of the brain influence behavior and personality . Things like the nervous system, genetics, the brain, the immune system, and the endocrine systems are just a few of the subjects that interest biological psychologists.This perspective has grown significantly over the last few decades, especially with advances in our ability to explore and understand the human brain and nervous system. Tools such as MRI scans and PET scans allow researchers to look at the brain under a variety of conditions. Scientists can now look at the do of brain damage, drugs, and disease in ways that were simply not possible in the past.The Evolutionary PerspectiveEvolutionary psychology is focused on the study of how evolution explains physiological processes. Psychologists and researchers take the basic principles of evolution, including natural selection, and apply them to psychological phenomena. This perspective suggests that these mental processes exist because they serve an evolutionary purpose they aid in survival and reproduction.The Humanistic Pe rspectiveDuring the 1950s, a school of thought known as humanistic psychology emerged. Influenced greatly by the work of prominent humanists such as Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow, this perspective emphasizes the role of motivation on thought and behavior.Concepts such as self-actualization are an essential part of this perspective. Those who take the humanist perspective focus on the ways that human beings are driven to grow, change, and develop their personal potential. Positive psychology is one relatively recent movement in psychology that has its roots in the humanist perspective.